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1.
Rev. ADM ; 80(3): 139-144, mayo-jun. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1517826

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la Candida albicans (C. albicans) es un patógeno fúngico que puede causar infecciones superficiales o potencialmente mortales. Los biofilms de C. albicans muestran rasgos fenotípicos únicos, el más destacado es su notable resistencia a una amplia variedad de agentes antimicóticos. Una de las alternativas para inhibir el crecimiento de este microorganismo es el ozono debido a sus propiedades bactericidas, fungicidas y virucidas; sin embargo, escasa información ha sido reportada en C. albicans. Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto fungicida del ozono en C. albicans. Material y métodos: la metodología consistió en agregar ozono a tubos de ensayo con medios de caldo nutritivo en diversas concentraciones y tiempos de ozonización. El efecto fungicida fue determinado con la determinación del número de colonias de C. albicans en agar nutritivo a través de procedimiento microbiológicos estandarizados por triplicado. Resultados: todas las muestras con ozono mostraron adecuados niveles de inhibición de crecimiento del microorganismo. Además, el efecto fungicida del ozono se encontró para ser significativamente dependiente del tiempo de ozonización y de la concentración. Conclusión: el uso de terapia con ozono podría tener potencial en el control de infecciones micóticas causadas por la presencia de C. albicans (AU)


Introduction: Candida albicans (C. albicans) is a fungal pathogen that can cause superficial or life-threatening infections. Biofilms of C. albicans display unique phenotypic traits, the most prominent being their remarkable resistance to a wide variety of antifungal agents. One of the alternatives to inhibit the growth of this microorganism is ozone due to its bactericidal, fungicidal and virucidal properties; however, little information has been reported on C. albicans. Objective: the objective of this study was to evaluate the fungicidal effect of ozone on C. albicans. Material and methods: the methodology consisted in adding ozone to test tubes with nutrient broth media in various concentrations and ozonation times. The fungicidal effect was determined by determining the number of colonies of C. albicans in nutrient agar through standardized microbiological procedures in triplicate. Results: all the ozone samples showed adequate levels of growth inhibition of the microorganism. Furthermore, the fungicidal effect of ozone was found to be significantly dependent on ozonation time and concentration. Conclusion: the use of ozone therapy could have potential in the control of fungal infections caused by the presence of C. albicans (AU)


Subject(s)
Candida albicans/drug effects , In Vitro Techniques , Colony Count, Microbial/methods , Bacterial Growth , Ozonation , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Culture Media
2.
Rev. ADM ; 79(4)jul.-ago. 2022. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1395261

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el biofilm dental microbiano es el precursor de diversas enfermedades orales, una de ellas la caries, ésta representa la enferme- dad oral más significativa a nivel mundial, con una incidencia de 1.76 billones de niños afectados. Las nanopartículas de plata (AgNPs) se están usando como alternativa para el control y prevención del biofilm dental, ya que poseen propiedades antimicrobianas contra bacterias relacionadas a estas enfermedades. Sin embargo, no hay estudios que evalúen este comportamiento en pacientes pediátricos. Objetivo: eva- luar la actividad antimicrobiana de las AgNPs en bacterias de aislados clínicos tomados de pacientes pediátricos. Material y métodos: se tomó muestra del biofilm dental de 22 pacientes pediátricos, el efecto micro- biológico se evaluó mediante ensayos microbiológicos estandarizados internacionalmente por triplicado, usando dos diferentes tamaños de AgNPs. Resultados: los dos tamaños de AgNPs mostraron inhibición bacteriana, sin embargo, sólo se vio una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre el género (p < 0.05), además, en general, hubo una correlación positiva significativa en relación a la concentración de las AgNPs y la velocidad del crecimiento bacteriano (p < 0.05). Conclusión: las AgNPs se pueden considerar como una alternativa para la prevención del biofilm dental y de esta manera para el control de diferentes enfermedades orales (AU))


Introduction: dental biofilm is the precursor of oral diseases, one of them dental caries, this represents the most significant oral disease worldwide with an incidence of 1.76 billion affected children. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are being used as an alternative for the control and prevention of dental biofilm since they have antimicrobial properties against bacteria related to these diseases. However, there are no studies evaluating this behavior in pediatric patients. Objective: to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of AgNPs in bacteria from clinical isolates taken from pediatric patients. Material and methods: a sample of dental biofilm was taken from 22 pediatric patients, the microbiological effect was evaluated by international standardized microbiological tests in triplicate, using two different sizes of AgNPs. Results: the two sizes of AgNPs showed bacterial inhibition, however, only a statistically significant difference was seen between gender (p < 0.05), in addition, in general, there was a significant positive correlation in relation to the concentration of AgNPs and the speed bacterial growth (p < 0.05). Conclusion: AgNPs can be considered as an alternative for the prevention of dental biofilm and thus for the control of different oral diseases (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Dental Caries/prevention & control , Dental Plaque/prevention & control , Nanoparticles/therapeutic use , Bacterial Growth , Dental Care for Children/methods , Culture Media , Dental Plaque/microbiology , Age and Sex Distribution
3.
J. appl. oral sci ; 30: e20220362, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1421891

ABSTRACT

Abstract Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health problem. Root canal microbiota associated with apical periodontitis represents a well-known reservoir of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). However, the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in this reservoir is unknown. This study aimed to establish if root canal microbiota associated with apical periodontitis in T2DM patients is an augmented reservoir by identifying the prevalence of nine common ARGs and comparing it with the prevalence in nondiabetic patients. Methodology This cross-sectional study included two groups: A T2DM group conformed of 20 patients with at least ten years of living with T2DM and a control group of 30 nondiabetic participants. Premolar or molar teeth with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis were included. A sample was collected from each root canal before endodontic treatment. DNA was extracted, and ARGs were identified by polymerase chain reaction. Results tetW and tetM genes were the most frequent (93.3 and 91.6%, respectively), while ermA was the least frequent (8.3%) in the total population. The distribution of the ARGs was similar in both groups, but a significant difference (p<0.005) was present in ermB, ermC, cfxA, and tetQ genes, being more frequent in the T2DM group. A total of eighty percent of the T2DM patients presented a minimum of four ARGs, while 76.6% of the control group presented a maximum of three. Conclusions Root canal microbiota associated with apical periodontitis in T2DM patients carries more ARGs. Therefore, this pathological niche could be considered an augmented reservoir.

4.
Rev. ADM ; 78(5): 251-257, sept.-oct. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1344244

ABSTRACT

asistencia ventilatoria cuando la vía aérea y la consciencia están comprometidas. Los elementos utilizados en este procedimiento se encuentran en contacto directo con estructuras dentofaciales, causando diversos tipos de lesiones, principalmente bucales. Aunque existen cuidados clínicos durante procesos de intubación, hay poca información, particularmente de la zona norte del país donde se hayan evaluado las posibles asociaciones entre los motivos de consulta más frecuentes y las diversas características, tanto clínicas como no clínicas de pacientes que han sido intubados. Objetivo: Identificar las alteraciones bucodentales más frecuentes en pacientes intubados, así como explorar las posibles asociaciones de acuerdo con los motivos de intubación más frecuentes. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, transversal y comparativo en el cual se evaluaron alteraciones bucodentales y sistémicas de pacientes intubados. Los grupos de estudio se desarrollaron de acuerdo con el motivo de intubación y la determinación de las asociaciones fue con cada una de las alteraciones bucodentales y sistémicas. Resultados: El motivo de intubación más frecuente fue el evento cerebral vascular (EVC) y las alteraciones dentofaciales más prevalentes fueron caries, lengua saburral y cálculo dental, entre otras. Además, se encontraron diferencias significativas entre pacientes con EVC, mostrando una mayor frecuencia en tabaquismo, hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus, así como en la presencia de gingivitis y úlceras. Pacientes con traumatismo craneoencefálico (TCE) tuvieron mayor frecuencia en la presencia de periodontitis. Conclusión: El motivo de hospitalización y las condiciones sistémicas preexistentes pueden ser un factor de riesgo para desarrollar lesiones bucales específicas antes y durante el periodo de intubación (AU)


Introduction: Intubation is a procedure that allows ventilatory assistance when the airway and consciousness are compromised. The elements used in this procedure are in direct contact with dentofacial structures causing various types of injuries, mainly oral. Although there is clinical care during intubation processes, there is little information, particularly from the northern part of the country where the possible associations between the most frequent reasons for consultation and the various clinical and non-clinical characteristics of patients who have been intubated have been evaluated. Objective: The objectives of the present study were to identify the most frequent oral alterations in intubated patients, as well as to explore possible associations according to the most frequent reasons for intubation. Material and methods: An observational, cross-sectional and comparative study was carried out in which oral and systemic alterations of intubated patients were evaluated. The study groups were formed according to the reason for intubation and the association was determined with each of the oral and systemic disorders. Results: The most frequent reason for intubation was the vascular cerebral event (CVA) and the most prevalent dentofacial alterations were caries, coated tongue, and dental calculus, among others. In addition, significant differences were found between patients with CVA, showing a higher frequency in smoking, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, as well as in the presence of gingivitis and ulcers. Patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) had a higher frequency in the presence of periodontitis. Conclusion: The reason for hospitalization and pre-existing systemic conditions can be a risk factor for developing specific oral lesions before and during the intubation period (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Hospitalization , Intubation, Intratracheal/adverse effects , Mouth Mucosa/injuries , Periodontal Diseases/etiology , Tooth Diseases , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Stroke , Diabetes Mellitus , Observational Study , Brain Contusion , Hypertension , Mexico
5.
Autops. Case Rep ; 10(3): e2020161, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | BNUY-Odon, LILACS, BNUY | ID: biblio-1131825

ABSTRACT

Spindle cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma characterized by elongated and pleomorphic epithelial cells that resemble a sarcoma. Due to its rareness, and histological resemblance to various sarcomas, the diagnosis of this neoplasia is challenging. Herein we present the case of an 82-year-old female with a polypoid, ulcerated, soft tissue mass located on the left side of the maxilla. The tomographic examination showed a hyperdense mass that infiltrated the orbital cavity, ethmoidal cells, middle and lower nasal concha, maxillary sinus, zygomatic arch, and mandibular ramus on the left side. Histopathologically, the tumor was composed of spindle cells that were sarcomatous in appearance, with aberrant mitosis, along with a group of pleomorphic cells with a more epithelioid and hyperchromatic appearance on a stroma of densely vascularized fibrous tissue. The immunohistochemistry panel used to determine the lineage of the tumor rendered the diagnosis of SCC. The diagnosis of SCC is challenging to the pathologist since its morphology can resemble a sarcoma. Thus, immunohistochemistry is a valuable resource to support the diagnosis. We propose that SCC should be considered when examining a biphasic neoplasm with the aforementioned histological characteristics and markers.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Carcinoma/pathology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Maxilla , Mouth , Immunohistochemistry , Epithelial Cells
6.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 12(1): 129-133, Mar. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-893312

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: La patología oral es el área de la odontología que se especializa en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de enfermedades orales. Se realizó un estudio transversal, en el cual fueron incluidos pacientes mayores de 18 años que acudieron a una clínica de atención primaria del departamento de estomatología de la universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, en México y a los cuales independientemente del motivo de consulta se les realizo historia clínica y exploración intraoral detallada. Fueron examinados 650 pacientes (424 mujeres y 226 hombres) con un rango de edad de 18 a 89 años (media=42.27). Las lesiones más frecuentes fueron la queratosis friccional (30,46 %) e hiperplasia fibrosa (6,92 %), la melanosis fisiológica (42,92 %) y los gránulos de Fordyce (36,46 %) fueron las condiciones más identificadas. En las lesiones de la mucosa oral que identificamos estuvo presente el factor traumático de manera crónica, es importante que el odontólogo este familiarizado con las lesiones más frecuentes, con su etiología, características clínicas y tratamiento de cada una de ellas.


ABSTRACT: Oral pathology it's the branch of medicine that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases. A cross-sectional study was carried out in which patients older than 18 years was included, that were attended in the primary care clinic at the stomatology department of the Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez, in Mexico, and regardless of the reason for consultation the clinical history and intraoral examination was done We examined 650 patients (424 women and 226 men) with an age range of 18 to 89 years (mean=42.27). The most frequent oral lesion was the frictional keratosis (30.46 %), fibrous hyperplasia (6.92 %), physiological melanosis (42.92 %), and fordyce granules (36.46 %). In the oral mucosal lesions identified was present a chronic traumatic factor, it is important that the dental staff knows about the most frequent injuries, their etiology, clinical characteristics and treatment of each one.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Pathology, Oral/methods , Tooth Diseases/diagnosis , Dental Caries/therapy , Tooth Diseases/pathology , Mouth Neoplasms/diagnosis , Mouth Neoplasms/therapy , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diagnosis, Oral/methods , Mexico , Mouth Mucosa/injuries
7.
Rev. ADM ; 74(6): 298-303, nov.-dic. 2017. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-973052

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La exploración intraoral detallada es la clave en el diagnóstico temprano de lesiones potencialmente agresivas; de estamanera, se le ofrece al paciente un tratamiento adecuado y oportuno,reduciendo al máximo posibles complicaciones que pongan en peligrosu integridad y deterioren su calidad de vida. Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de lesiones y condiciones de la mucosa bucal en pacientes mayores de 18 años de la clínica de diagnóstico del Departamento de Estomatología de la Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua...


Introduction: A detailed intraoral examination is key in the early diagnosis of potentially aggressive lesions; in this way, the patient isoff ered an adequate and timely treatment, reducing to the maximumpossible complications that could endanger his integrity and deterioratehis quality of life. Aim: To determine the frequency of lesions and conditions of the buccal mucosa in patients older than 18 years of the diagnostic clinic of the Department of Stomatology at the Autonomous University of Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua...


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Adult , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Mouth Diseases/epidemiology , Mouth Mucosa/injuries , Schools, Dental , Mexico , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Age and Sex Distribution , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Melanosis , Oral Ulcer , Tongue, Fissured
8.
Rev. ADM ; 73(2): 72-80, mar.-abr. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BNUY | ID: lil-789837

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: la diabetes mellitus es considerada un problema de salud pública en todo el mundo Este padecimiento afecta órganos y sistemas, incluyendo la cavidad oral; sin embargo, hay pocos informes en la literatura de los efectos de la diabetes mellitus en la cavidad bucal en la población del estado de Durango. Objetivo: El objetivode este estudio fue determinar la asociación de diversas enfermedadesorales, el índice de masa corporal, así como el nivel de glucosa en sangre en pacientes con diabetes mellitus. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles para identifi car la prevalencia de las enfermedades orales en individuos con y sin diabetes mellitus.Los sujetos con diabetes mellitus tipo 1 o 2 se definieron como casos y aquellos con otras enfermedades fueron defi nidos como controles. El índice de masa corporal y la concentración de glucosa en sangre fueron evaluados en todos los sujetos. El análisis estadístico incluyólas pruebas chi cuadrada y promedio y desviación estándar de los datos. esultados: Se evaluaron 312 personas, 38 pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 1, 79 con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y 195 sin diabetes mellitus. Diferencias signifi cativas fueron encontradas en individuos con DM2, que mostraron una mayor frecuencia de periodontitis, así como diferencias significativas entre este tipo de diabetes y niveles elevadosde glucosa en sangre...


Background: Diabetes mellitus is considered a public health problem worldwide and one that affects organs and systems alike, including the oral cavity. However, there are few reports in the literature on the effects of diabetes mellitus on the oral cavity of the population in the north of Mexico. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the link between various oral diseases, body mass index, and blood glucose level in patients with diabetes mellitus. Material and methods:A case-control study was conducted to identify the prevalence of oral diseases in patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus were defi ned as cases and patients with other diseases were defi ned as controls. The body mass index and blood glucose concentration of all subjects were measured. Statistical analysis included chi-squared tests, and the average and standard deviation of the data. Results: 312 subjects were assessed: 38 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, 79 with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and 195 without diabetes mellitus. Signifi cant differences were found in DM2 patients, who were more likely to exhibit periodontitis and high blood glucose levels. Furthermore, the presence of obesity and hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes was found to be a risk factor for de-veloping periodontitis...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , /epidemiology , Periodontal Diseases/epidemiology , Periodontal Diseases/etiology , Hyperglycemia/diagnosis , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Age and Sex Distribution , Case-Control Studies , Hypertension/diagnosis , Mexico , Obesity/diagnosis
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